![]() ![]() The gland surrounds the urethra at the neck of the bladder. Prostate fluid is essential for a man’s fertility. The main function of the prostate is to make a fluid that goes into semen. The prostate is a walnut-shaped gland that is part of the male reproductive system. The narrowing of the urethra and urinary retention-the inability to empty the bladder completely-cause many of the problems associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eventually, the bladder may weaken and lose the ability to empty completely, leaving some urine in the bladder. Benign prostatic hyperplasia often occurs with the second growth phase.Īs the prostate enlarges, the gland presses against and pinches the urethra. The second phase of growth begins around age 25 and continues during most of a man’s life. ![]() The first occurs early in puberty, when the prostate doubles in size. ![]() The prostate goes through two main growth periods as a man ages. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is also called benign prostatic hypertrophy or benign prostatic obstruction. How can benign prostatic hyperplasia be prevented?īenign prostatic hyperplasia-also called BPH-is a condition in men in which the prostate gland is enlarged and not cancerous.What are the complications of benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment?.How is benign prostatic hyperplasia treated?.How is benign prostatic hyperplasia diagnosed?.What are the complications of benign prostatic hyperplasia?.What are the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia?.Who is more likely to develop benign prostatic hyperplasia?.How common is benign prostatic hyperplasia?.What causes benign prostatic hyperplasia?.If the technique works, however, it will be a simple, rich, and robust source of genetic markers that will be useful to a broad range of population biologists, as well, potentially, in studies of animal and plant disease and crop improvement. Calculations indicate that the amount of DNA required for detecting ARRF bands from an organism with a genome size in the billions of base pairs is fairly large, near the upper limit of p racticality, so there is no guarantee the ARRF technique will be feasible on all organisms. As the genome size gets larger, each single-copy fragments becomes a smaller fraction of the total DNA, increasing the technical challenges. The ARRF technique will be developed gradually, starting with bacterial DNA (genome size about 4M base pairs), then yeast (11Mbp), then Drosophila (100 Mbp), then larger Metazoans (1000+Mbp). These attributes of the AARF technique are major advantages over other techniques currently used for assaying variation in nuclear DNA. The AARF technique would be useful in a wide variety of studies in population biology where genetic markers are needed, including studies of gene flow and population structure, hybridization, mating behavior, selfing rates, and QTL mapping. The only development steps required to apply the technique to a new species will be finding a suitable technique for preparing genomic DNA and determining which pair of enzymes yield suitable numbers of fragments. Each pair of rare-cutter restriction enzymes has the potential to yield dozens of independent genetic markers, all of which could be assayed simultaneously. DNA from parasites or contamination should also be easily be identified. Therefore, single-copy nuclear fragments should be distinguishable from multiple-copy and organellar fragments, and heterozygotes should be distinguishable from homozygotes. Because there is no PCR amplification step, the intensity of a band will be proportional to the number of copies of the fragment. The ARRF technique would consist of digesting genomic DNA with two rare-cutter restriction enzymes, isolating the few small fragments from the many large fragments, and resolving the small fragments on a gel. Primary Place of Performance Congressional District:ġ355, 9104, 9169, 9178, 9237, 9251, EGCH, SMETĩ728376 McDonald The object of this SGER research is to develop a new technique, anonymous rare-cutter restriction fragments (ARRFs) for assaying genetic variation. John McDonald (Principal Investigator) Sponsored Research Office:.Mark Courtney DEB Division Of Environmental Biology BIO Direct For Biological Sciences SGER: Anonymous Rare-Cutter Restriction Fragments: A NovelSource of Genetic Markers for Population Biology NSF Org:
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